dc.contributor.advisor | Sossa Melo, Claudia Lucía | spa |
dc.contributor.advisor | Ochoa Vera, Miguel Enrique | spa |
dc.contributor.author | Morales Chacón, Katherine | spa |
dc.coverage.spatial | Bucaramanga (Santander, Colombia) | spa |
dc.date.accessioned | 2020-06-26T19:59:55Z | |
dc.date.available | 2020-06-26T19:59:55Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2016-01 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12749/1737 | |
dc.description.abstract | En la actualidad se considera que los pacientes con hemofilia pueden presentar menores niveles de DMO en comparación con la población general. Se ha podido establecer que los pacientes con hemofilia presentan diversos factores de riesgo para baja densidad mineral ósea (artropatía hemofílica, inhibidores, menor nivel de actividad física, infección por VIH o VHC) y por lo tanto tener mayor riesgo fracturas por fragilidad. Sin embargo, aún no se ha podido demostrar que la pérdida de masa ósea sea mayor en pacientes con hemofilia en comparación a controles sanos. Por lo tanto se hace necesario la realización de un estudio de casos y controles que permita evaluar la DMO
en pacientes con hemofilia de Bucaramanga y su área metropolitana.
Objetivos: El objetivo primario fue comparar la DMO de pacientes hemofílicos con un
grupo control. Además, se evaluó la prevalencia de otras causas de baja masa ósea en
esta población.
Metodología: Estudio de casos y controles. Lo casos fueron pacientes con diagnóstico
conocido de hemofilia A y B (leve, moderada y severa) referidos a 3 centros de hematología de Bucaramanga, Colombia (FOSCAL- HUS- FCV). Los controles fueron pareados por edad, índice de masa corporal y estrato socioeconómico. A todos se les midió la DMO (gr/cm2) mediante densitometría ósea central (DXA - GE), el nivel de actividad física (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire), y la encuesta de consumo de
calcio; y sólo a los casos se les realizaron pruebas bioquímicas del metabolismo fosfocálcico, marcadores de inflamación, perfil hormonal e infeccioso. Se excluyeron sujetos
con uso de esteroides, antirretrovirales y alcoholismo. Resultados: Se incluyeron 59 pacientes con hemofilia y 59 controles. La mediana de edad fue de 27 años (26 menores de 18 años y 5 mayores de 50 años) y de IMC fue de 22,4kg/m2 (IQR:6,0; mín: 13 kg/m2 y máx: 31,6 kg/m2). La DMO en cuello femoral en los casos fue de 0.867 gr/cm2 y en los controles de 0.977gr/cm2 (p= 0.007). En cadera la
DMO en los casos fue de 0.938gr/cm2 y en los controles de 1.016 gr/cm2 (p= 0.004). No
se encontró diferencias en la DMO de columna lumbar ni corporal total. En los menores
de 50 años se encontró baja masa ósea en el 31.6% de los casos y en los mayores de 50
años (5 casos) se encontró 3 sujetos con osteopenia 1 con osteoporosis. El nivel de
actividad física (GPAC) fue inferior en hemofílicos con BDMO en comparación con
controles (p= 0.008). Se observó una asociación inversa entre la severidad de la hemofilia
y la DMO (p=0.518). Adicionalmente, se encontró una asociación significativa entre la
presencia de artropatía hemofílica con baja DMO (p = 0.004). Se encontró niveles
elevados de PCR en el 50% de los casos con baja DMO y en el 12.8% con DMO normal
(p= 0.006). El 22% de los pacientes tenían deficiencia de vitamina D3. | spa |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 1. PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA ..................................................................................... 13
2. MARCO TEÓRICO ........................................................................................................................... 18
2.1 Definición Hemofilia ............................................................................................... 18
Osteopenia y Osteoporosis .......................................................................................... 21
Pico de Masa ósea ...................................................................................................... 22
Osteoporosis ................................................................................................................ 24
Fisiopatología de las Fracturas .................................................................................... 24
Relación entre hemofilia, osteopenia y osteoporosis. ................................................. 30
Prevención de baja densidad mineral ós5tea en pacientes con hemofilia .................... 31
Tratamiento de la baja densidad mineral ósea y osteoporosis en pacientes con
hemofilia. ................................................................................................................................................................. 32
3. OBJETIVOS ......................................................................................................................................... 35
3.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL ........................................................................................... 35
3.2 OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS ................................................................................................................. 35
4. METODOLOGÍA ................................................................................................................................ 36
4.1 DISEÑO DEL ESTUDIO........................................................................................ 36
4.2 Población ............................................................................................................... 36
4.3 SELECCIÓN DE LOS PACIENTES ....................................................................... 36
4.3.1 Criterios de inclusión ....................................................................................... 36
4.3.2 Criterios de exclusión ...................................................................................... 37
4.3.3 Tamaño de muestra ........................................................................................ 37
4.4 SELECCIÓN DE LOS PACIENTES ...................................................................... 37
4.5 RECOLECCIÓN DE LAS VARIABLES ................................................................... 38
4.5.2 Variables Independientes ................................................................................ 39
4.6 Recolección de los datos y Operacionalización de las variables ....................................... 47
5. REVISION Y ADMINISTRACIÓN DE LA BASE DE DATOS ....................................... 49
5.1 CENTRO DE TRABAJO O MONITOREO .............................................................. 49
5.2 RECOLECCIÓN DE LOS DATOS ..................................................................................................... 49
6. ANALISIS DE LOS DATOS ......................................................................................................... 50
7. CONSIDERACIONES ÉTICAS .................................................................................................. 52
8. RESULTADOS ................................................................................................................................... 53
8.1 ANÁLISIS DESCRIPTIVO .......................................................................................................... 54
8.1.1 Características Demográficas ............................................................................. 54
8.1.2 Características Clínicas de los Pacientes con Hemofilia. .................................... 56
8.2. Análisis Bivariado .................................................................................................. 60
8.2.1 Prevalencia de baja densidad mineral ósea en la población estudio. .............. 60
8.2.2 Prevalencia de baja DMO en los casos y controles ........................................ 61
8.2.3 Valores de DMO según sitio anatómico evaluado ........................................... 62
8.2.4 Densidad mineral ósea en pacientes con hemofilia ........................................ 62
8.2.5 Características demográficas y clínicas de la población según DMO .............. 64
8.2.6 Determinantes de baja densidad mineral ósea en casos y controles ............... 65
8.2.7 Determinantes de baja DMO en los pacientes hemofílicos ............................. 66
8.2.8 Determinantes clínicos del metabolismo Fosfo-cálcico en hemofílicos según
DMO ........................................................................................................................ 69
8.3. Análisis Multivariado ................................................................................................................................. 70
9. DISCUSIÓN ......................................................................................................................................... 71
10. CONCLUSIONES ........................................................................................................................... 78
11. LIMITACIONES DEL ESTUDIO .............................................................................................. 80
11. BIBLIOGRAFÍA ................................................................................................................................ 81 | spa |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | spa |
dc.language.iso | spa | spa |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/ | * |
dc.title | Baja densidad mineral ósea en pacientes con hemofilia de Bucaramanga y su área metropolitana | spa |
dc.title.translated | Low bone mineral density in hemophilia patients from Bucaramanga and its metropolitan area | eng |
dc.degree.name | Especialista en Medicina Interna | spa |
dc.coverage | Bucaramanga (Colombia) | spa |
dc.publisher.grantor | Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNAB | spa |
dc.rights.local | Abierto (Texto Completo) | spa |
dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad Ciencias de la Salud | spa |
dc.publisher.program | Especialización en Medicina Interna | spa |
dc.description.degreelevel | Especialización | spa |
dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | |
dc.type.local | Tesis | spa |
dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | |
dc.subject.keywords | Hemophilia | eng |
dc.subject.keywords | Blood coagulation disorders | eng |
dc.subject.keywords | Bone mineral density | eng |
dc.subject.keywords | Medicine | eng |
dc.subject.keywords | Internal Medicine | eng |
dc.subject.keywords | Investigations | eng |
dc.subject.keywords | Complications | eng |
dc.subject.keywords | Patients | eng |
dc.subject.keywords | Prevention and control | eng |
dc.subject.keywords | Mineral density | eng |
dc.subject.keywords | Hemophilia | eng |
dc.subject.keywords | Patients | eng |
dc.subject.keywords | Blood clotting disorders | eng |
dc.identifier.instname | instname:Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - UNAB | spa |
dc.identifier.reponame | reponame:Repositorio Institucional UNAB | spa |
dc.type.hasversion | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | |
dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | spa |
dc.rights.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | spa |
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358(14):1474–1482 | spa |
dc.contributor.cvlac | https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000898465;https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001425704 | * |
dc.contributor.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4552-3388 | * |
dc.contributor.scopus | https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=36987156500;https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57203553484 | * |
dc.contributor.researchgate | https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Miguel_Ochoa7;https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Claudia_Sossa?_sg=BvRoh6IvojFf2p-POYF__s50hoM8A_BUZv09EbDIIEubX8HzSQD8c55b5wN2DjEMJzlDAXO3X74Ci8Q | * |
dc.subject.lemb | Hemofilia | spa |
dc.subject.lemb | Trastornos de la coagulación sanguínea | spa |
dc.subject.lemb | Densidad mineral ósea | spa |
dc.subject.lemb | Medicina | spa |
dc.subject.lemb | Medicina Interna | spa |
dc.subject.lemb | Investigaciones | spa |
dc.subject.lemb | Complicaciones | spa |
dc.subject.lemb | Pacientes | spa |
dc.subject.lemb | Prevención y control | spa |
dc.description.abstractenglish | It is currently considered that hemophilia patients can present lower levels of BMD compared to the general population. It has been been able to establish that patients with hemophilia have various risk factors for low bone mineral density (hemophilic arthropathy, inhibitors, lower level of physical activity, HIV or HCV infection) and therefore have a higher risk of fractures due to fragility. However, it has not yet been possible to demonstrate that bone loss is higher in hemophilia patients compared to healthy controls. Therefore it is done
It is necessary to carry out a case-control study to assess BMD in patients with hemophilia from Bucaramanga and its metropolitan area.
Objectives: The primary objective was to compare the BMD of hemophiliac patients with a control group. In addition, the prevalence of other causes of low bone mass was evaluated in
this population.
Methodology: Case-control study. The cases were patients with diagnosis
Hemophilia A and B (mild, moderate and severe) referred to 3 centers of hematology of Bucaramanga, Colombia (FOSCAL- HUS- FCV). The controls were matched for age, body mass index, and socioeconomic status. All are
measured BMD (gr / cm2) by central bone densitometry (DXA - GE), the level of
physical activity (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire), and the survey of consumption of calcium; and only the cases underwent biochemical tests of phosphocalcic metabolism,
markers of inflammation, hormonal and infectious profile. Subjects were excluded
with use of steroids, antiretrovirals and alcoholism. | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Densidad minera | |
dc.subject.proposal | Hemofilia | |
dc.subject.proposal | Trastornos de la coagulación sanguínea | |
dc.type.redcol | http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM | |
dc.rights.creativecommons | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia | * |
dc.contributor.researchgroup | Grupo de Investigaciones Clínicas | spa |
dc.coverage.campus | UNAB Campus Bucaramanga | spa |
dc.description.learningmodality | Modalidad Presencial | spa |